Our 21st century global economy is powered by data. In the same way machinery enabled the industrial revolution, recent improvements around our ability to capture, store, and analyze massive quantities of data have ushered in an incredible period of innovation. In industries ranging from education to healthcare to agriculture, American startups are harnessing "Big Data" to drive innovation and develop targeted solutions for some of society’s greatest challenges. This report highlights some of those startups and offers insights for policymakers seeking to foster innovation and social transformation while maintaining sufficient protections for the American public.